The judicial authority law, issued in 2003, defines the manner in which courts of law shall play their role in the society. It stipulates that Judges are independent and shall not be subject to removal from office save in cases specified by the law; and the independence of the judiciary is inviolable and is protected by law against interference from other authorities.

Courts of law are divided into the following categories:

1. Court of Cassation has chambers to decide on cases of objection for cassation on rulings and proceedings of the law.
2. Court of Appeal is responsible for deciding on the appeals filed against the sentences issued on doctrinal provisions (hudood), punishments (qisas), criminal, civil and commercial cases; personal affairs, inheritance, administrative disputes and other cases.
3. Preliminary Court has chambers to decide on doctrinal provisions (hudood), punishments (qisas), criminal, civil and commercial, personal affairs, inheritance, administrative disputes and cases.

Each court decides on the cases referred to it in accordance with the law. Other preliminary courts can be formed in other towns as per a decision from the judiciary supreme council .

Court sessions are open to the public save when a court decides, for the interest of public order or morality, to hold them in camera. In all cases, the pronouncement of judgments is made in an open session.

Arabic language is the court official language. And if required , the courts may hear parties ignorant with Arabic with the assistance of interpreter after taking the oath to perform his duty honestly and truthfully.

The law determines the composition, powers and functions of the said council. The law determines the competent body entrusted with the settlement of administrative disputes and defines its structure and manner of discharging its functions. The law specifies the competent judicial body for settling the disputes pertaining to the constitutionality of laws and regulations, defines its powers and methods of challenging and procedures to be followed before the said body. It also specifies the consequences of judgment regarding unconstitutionality.